Disney Disney And Mental Illness - 1216 Words

Disney and Mental Illness It is well known that children are very easily influenced by what they see in the world, especially in the media. Disney has undoubtedly monopolized the hearts and brains of children all around tihe world, so they have an extreme amount of power in the way they portray things. Whether it be the way they portray gender, families, or mental illness, these portrayals affect their audience on a deep psychological level. The way that mental illness is portrayed is a lot harder to detect than some other topics like gender and families, but they are just as damaging. Disney needs to strive to portray mental illness as something that is genuinely human rather than something that is evil. While it s obvious that Disney needs to adjust their view of mental illness, this goal isn’t something that can be changed overnight. Disney has taken the concept of mental illness and turned it into something to define someone by. The sheer amount of mental illness referenced in Disney movies is somewhat shocking. In a study by Andrea Lawson and Gregory Fouts it was discovered that, â€Å"Combining principal and minor characters, a total of 85% of Disney animated films contained references to characters with mental illness†(Fouts). Disney is also very complex in the way that they portray certain mental illnesses, they take any character that is supposed to be misunderstood and slap on a mental illness, â€Å"Disney seems to be saving that madness is a label that society uses whenShow MoreRelatedThe Correlation Between Disney Movies and Poor Body Image in Young Women1406 Words   |  6 PagesDisney was named the worlds second top media company in the US for the year 2 004. They have produced over 44 â€Å"classics† and are one of the most recognized names in animated film (Peterson).We expose young girls to these animated films at a very young age, yet doing so does not seem to be good for these children. 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Notes On Disability And Empowerment - 1170 Words

Ademola Adeshina Disability and Empowerment This essay will discuss the term - learning disability or (learning difficulties – a term sometimes used interchangeably) and some possible causes. The nature and role of advocacy as a part of the empowerment process will also be considered. All these will be done in relation to Kelly – a person with Down’s syndrome as a case study. It will explain the progress made with Kelly by her support workers and how these can be further developed to ensure a more independent and meaningful life. According to Paul Williams, ‘Learning Difficulty’ cannot be defined (social work with People with Learning Difficulties). Arriving at a generally acceptable definition of learning disability is a difficult†¦show more content†¦The medical model sees learning disability as a condition that needs to be cure in order for disabled people to live a ‘normal’ life. The model sees the disabled people as the problem not the society. In contrast, the social model argues disability to be the result of the way society is organised. According to this model, the society disabled people by way of discrimination and barriers to allow equal participation. With regards to Kelly, we can conclude she has experienced the two models of learning disability. She has a condition known as Down’s syndrome, a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21 in the body cells. This condition is neither a disease nor an ailment (Down’s Syndrome As sociation UK). Down Syndrome, like Autism, Asperger, Tourette syndrome and Dyslexia are some of the many types of learning disabilities in the UK. In an attempt to explain the level of Kelly’s disability, an in-depth explanation of the various levels of learning disabilities will now be examined. These can be grouped into four categories; Mild, Moderate, Severe and Profound. Mild – people with mild learning disability are usually able to engage in conversation, they may be able to perform some basic activities on their own, they may need support to understand

Key Issues and Handling of Organisation-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: Disucss about the Importance and Role that Better Organisational Behaviour Plays In the Development of Business. Answers: Introduction The report elucidates the importance and role that better organisational behaviour plays in the development of business. In this particular report the case study of Ken Pvt Ltd. has been given which deals with Dogma International and promised the client to provide 10 years newspaper in digitisation format in 2 months. But the agreement was not maintained. After 2 months only 2 years paper were digitised that too with the poor image quality that highly disappointed the client (Kitchin, 2017). On analysing there were various mistakes that have been found which is discussed within the report along with the solution to this challenge. The hindrances and help have been discussed along with the key concepts in relation to organisational behaviour followed by the issues that happened in the case and concluded with the recommendations by giving suggestions to the organisation so that mistakes are not repeated in the future. Identification of key issues Ken private limited is situated in Texas, United States and was established in the year 1991. The main motive of the company is to outsource the knowledge and rendering the technological services. The information is provided to the client in an effective and cost-efficient manner. The company deals in the fabrication service and knowledge service. In the fabrication services the information digitization takes place using XML, mark-up services, setting up the image, conversion of data, creating the technological services to develop services and translation of services. The knowledge services involves within the tact to expand the content, improvement of vocabulary, taxonomy, hyperlinking the important links and marking it up, indexing the content and designing the abstract and undergoing the other editorial services (Walumbwa, Hartnell Misati, 2017). The technological area focuses on the designing, implementation, integrity and deployment to the author, managing and distributing cont ent to the client. The company is renowned enough for its outstanding performance. The company has opened the outlets in America, Europe and Asia where around 5000 employees are employed and net worth that the company holds is $90 million as per the year 2004 (Ken Group, 2015). The case demonstrates that Ken Private limited got the big project to work on the Genesis Times; the Genesis Digitization project wants Ken to create the project for their client Dogma International. Dogma International demanded for digitized newspapers covering the 150 years. Ken assured the client to present the digitisation of 10 years in the 2 months. Due to the occurrence of certain issues the promise was not fulfilled by Ken in the given time duration and Dogma International gave the warning to Ken that in case if the Company is not able to meet the commitment then company might take back the order and revoke the contract. This created the situation of panic for Ken and working gets faster along with the monitoring where the company is lacking and to repair the patches thereby finding out the root cause of the discrepancies. On analysis the study key issues and challenges appeared are that basically there was lack of communication among the staff. The project manager Sharma distributed the work into 2 sections on of them was Indian section dealing with development of technology and then passing it to the Philippines so that they can start working upon the digitisation process. The Philippines section was divided in 5 departments and each section has 1 head that report to the project manager. The issue was that Philippine section was facing the challenge in using the technologies designed by the Indian section and the staffs are not supporting eth project manager as well (Pandey, Breslin Broadus, 2017). When Sharma, called up the meeting no one uttered a single word and neither anybody raised some sought of query at the time meeting. The project manager gets to know about the actual issues when the 2 departments were having their mutual talks and were sharing the complaints with each other. The technolog ies designed were too high then the level of understanding of Philippines section and they were neither briefed about the technology nor were the employees given training to handle the technology and input the data within the designed digital format. Whereas the Indian section claims that the Philippines section are not patient enough to wait for the technology and the employees are not aware enough about the correct usage of technology that has been invented. This cause delay in working and making the client dissatisfied (Morgan, 2015). Describing the issues in context of organisational behaviour concept The organisation comprises of collectiveness of the human being working on the different departments but focusing on the single vision and moving forward in the similar direction. The organisation is an ever changing unit where dynamism takes place and the human resource should be made resistant to these challenges and takes it as the opportunity to create wonders (Goller Harteis, 2017). Organisational behaviour is the combination of human resources from different culture following various traditions. The organisation should treat all the culture and tradition equally and to create harmony there is a need to develop the organisational culture need to be developed and every person employed need to respect it and abide by that culture. The organisational behaviour is the conduct that has been carried out within the workplace. In the organisational behaviour the employees working is analysed and bonding gets created and the group of humans come together to support the facts and they co llectively work for achievement of the goal which lead to simultaneous development of organisation along with the employees thereby ensuring the common growth (Tsang, 2017). There are various challenges that the organisation faces. Comparing these issues with that of the Ken Private ltd. the key concept of organisation and reason for delay could be realised and wise step could be initiated to repair these challenges and adopt it as the opportunity to ensure development (Johns, 2017). The organisational challenges that occur in Ken Pvt. Ltd. are quoted as under: Managerial challenges: The managerial challenge is faced at the management level, as per the case study even the manager is in dilemma as the situation is not clear and even on holding the meeting no one spoke out a single word, no complaint came out and later on the heads of department complaint mutually that manger will favour the technical side only and blame the Philippines section (Tafti, Mahmoudsalehi Amiri, 2017). Also there is the major cause of workforce diversity that is also the cause of problem; the organisation has been divided into the Indian section and Philippines Section. The education and behaviour of the people differs and that cause the understanding issues and conflict arises. Most of the time small thing rise to get big and converts into the disputes (Kashyap, 2017). Work Place Issues and Challenges: When more than two people come together for the common cause there is likely to have the mismatch in choice and disagreements might take place, these are known as the workplace issues and challenges (Cartwright, 2017). The issue that took place in most of the workplace are employee privacy, employee right which is most common issue and for that the legal actions could be opted as well, unionism is another issues and this could be quoted in the context of Ken the 2 sections have been distributed but later on there arouse the cold war and silent fight among the employees. The expectations of employees are also the factor that causes issues they need the hike, motivation and job satisfaction, also the need and level of motivation differs from person to person (Brett, 2017). Organisational challenge: The above challenges at the end affect the progress of the organisation only. The case study also faces the organisational problems, in the clients project there is the occurrence of quality issues. The total quality management is not maintained and in the era where quality consciousness is given high priority the organisation and the employees need to maintain the high quality. This is because of conflict arising among the employees and the gap of understanding. Lack of knowledge among the employees is also one of the reasons (Potential project, 2017). The employees are not able to handle the technology that has been designed and neither the training of advancement has been given. Adaptability does not arrive only with accepting the challenge but also by learning to use it in the effective manner. Another measure that always makes the difference is ethical behaviour of the peers, superior and subordinate. Half of the things get back to place when the situat ions are ethically handled with maturity (Shah, Irani Sharif, 2017). How the issues help or hinder the delivery of project to client As per the case study the issues hindered the project of the client but in other way round helped the manager to learn a lot of lessons from every issues that arises. The manager gains the experience to solve out the situations and deal with the sad employees and handling the angry client as well. The hindrances that occurred while delivering the project was that first of all the committed work was not offered to the client (Tagove, 2017). The promise was made that 10 years newspaper digitisation will be delivered within 2 months whereas the actual delivery was of 2 years newspaper digitisation that is not even quarter of the commitment accomplished. Also the brief project was not as per the standard quality causing high dissatisfaction among the client. The final warning was given to Ken to deliver the assured work with the high quality and completely digitised within the next 2 month. These 2 months could be considered as the help in delivering the better project as in the first ch ance the mistakes came up and the reasons were figured out that were becoming the cause of causing the mistakes (Campos-Melady, Smith, Meyers Godley, 2017). The COO Saiyumn Savarker was called upon to analyse the situation and undertake the evaluation technique to understand the actual situation that is prevailing and what wrong is happening in the process that is causing barrier in the process. On reviewing the situation and having word with project manager Sharma, Savarker was driven deep to know what the actual issue that the organisation and its employees are facing. As the employees made the countless efforts and advanced technology was created and the other team wisely and patiently adopted the technology after handling lot of hectic. The Quality assurance department also assured that quality given was 99.95% accurate and appropriate headlines, sub-headlines, by-lines, images and captions have been quoted (Dunn et al, 2017). When the issue is discussed with Dogma it was figur ed out that the manager did not consulted the Dogma International for once that what actually the requirements are and they are performing the activities as per their method. The help portion that Dogma stated is that the text portion was good and satisfied as per the quality defined but the images were not of the appropriate quality. The images are first thing that the customer notices and get attracted with it. The client was of the view that no one from the contacted company ever contacted them to know the specifications or deal with something to get clarification upon the things. When the same is communicated by Savarker to the project manager Sharma they come up with the reply that they never thought of it and it was not in their knowledge that they should consult the client once a while detailing the concerned with the progress that is taking place and what all amendments does they require. Finally the company was aware about total issues and challenges that occur and complete ly understood the specification that the client require, also now they have the idea that conformation from the client should be timely taken so that the confusion and assumptions are avoided (Burke, 2017). After the hindrance if discussing upon the help portion the complete project made the situation clear and gave each and every person of the organisation dealing with this project about the lot of learning. The handling of technical things, adopting of new things, organisational environment, relations with peers, subordinates and superior are clarified and its importance is learned by the employees and manager as well. The manager learn to handle the stressful situation along with dealing with the client and how the project should be handled, what are the primary things that need to be kept in mind and that are basic to be known and practiced (Conroy et al, 2017). Recommendations After analysing the case study and learning about the whole situations there are certain recommendations that could be made so that better learning could be developed. First of all there is the need to appropriately learn about the organisational structure. The manager should firstly understand about the organisation and what specification does the company carries. The organisational culture has to be studied so that the knowledge regarding internal environment is gained and fighting out with the external environment become easier. When the manager is aware about the internal structure and capability of the company then decision making related to the external environment ease up and manager could smartly deal with the market area and chose those deals that are beneficial for the company after evaluating all the aspects of business, its budget, capacity to take risk, being creative and innovative, ability to adopt new technology and many more things are attached while developing the k nowledge of organisational behaviour (Miterev, Turner Mancini, 2017). When the project was handed over to Ken by Dogma International the foremost mistake that the project manager Sharma did was not clarifying the specifications and directly started working upon it and bifurcating the departments. When the sections were made the cooperation started lacking. The Indian section was designing the technology which was far advanced and the Philippine section was not able to handle those technologies and formats. Both the sections had to sit back and talk upon the issues that have occurred so that clearance is made and they could understand the actual problem all the department is facing. They chose to talk among each other instead of interacting with each other. Even the cooperation with the manager was not there. This depicts that organisational structure and management was not adequate and this completely affected the organisational behaviour (Stanley, Matthews Davidson, 2017). On get ting the warning from client the COO scrutinized the situation and communicated with related parties and came to know about the real reason and then the situation was brought under control. Therefore the manager needs to clear out the specification first and accordingly the responsibility is distributed as per the competencies. Timely meeting should be held to check the progress and discuss the issues if any so that they could be resolved early and employment relations also get maintained that is essential for the growth of organisation and the employees (Johnson, 2017). Conclusion Hence, it could be conclude from the above report that organisational behaviour carries an utmost importance in the regulation and success of business. Due to the lack of management the organisation was not able to achieve the required objective. As happened in the case study between Ken and Dogma International. The client company was not asked the requirements nor were they made to have a check over the project only final submission was made without any prior draft been submitted as a sample. On calling the COO from India to Philippine the expert took a look and made out the way to learn things. Though many issues were created but the employees as well as the managers get to learn from the mistakes and paid attention over the points which were lacking so that the mistakes are not repeated in future. References Brett, J., Brett, J. (2017). Intercultural challenges in managing workplace conflicta call for research.Cross Cultural Strategic Management. Burke, W. W. (2017).Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Campos-Melady, M., Smith, J. E., Meyers, R. J., Godley, S. H., Godley, M. D. (2017). The effect of therapists adherence and competence in delivering the adolescent community reinforcement approach on client outcomes.Psychology of Addictive Behaviors,31(1), 117. Cartwright, S. (2017). 7 Workplace well-being: responsibilities, challenges and future directions.A Research Agenda for Human Resource Management, 114. Conroy, S., Henle, C. A., Shore, L., Stelman, S. (2017). Where there is light, there is dark: A review of the detrimental outcomes of high organizational identification.Journal of Organizational Behavior,38(2), 184-203. Dunn, W. B., Broadhurst, D. I., Edison, A., Guillou, C., Viant, M. R., Bearden, D. W., Beger, R. D. (2017). Quality assurance and quality control processes: summary of a metabolomics community questionnaire.Metabolomics,13(5), 50. Goller, M., Harteis, C. (2017). Human agency at work: Towards a clarification and operationalisation of the concept. InAgency at Work(pp. 85-103). Springer, Cham. Johns, G. (2017). Advances in the Treatment of Context in Organizational Research.Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. Johnson, C. E. (2017).Meeting the ethical challenges of leadership: Casting light or shadow. Sage Publications. Kashya, D. (2017). Organizational behaviour issues faced by todays manager, viewed on 6th November 2017. https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/organization/organizational-behaviour/organizational-behaviour-issues-faced-by-todays-manager/63755. Kitchin, D. (2017).An introduction to organisational behaviour for managers and engineers: A group and multicultural approach. Routledge. Miterev, M., Miterev, M., Turner, J. R., Turner, J. R., Mancini, M., Mancini, M. (2017). The organization design perspective on the project-based organization: a structured review.International Journal of Managing Projects in Business,10(3), 527-549. Morgan. J. (2015). The biggest challenges that most organizations face today. Viewed on 6th November 2017. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jacobmorgan/2015/10/08/the-biggest-challenge-that-most-organizations-face-today/#757342fb3e2b. Pandey, S. K., Pandey, S., Breslin, R. A., Broadus, E. D. (2017). Public service motivation research program: Key challenges and future prospects. Potential project. (2017). 5 Major organisational challenges that are driving the growth of mindfulness. viewed on 6th November 2017. https://potentialproject.com/5-major-organisational-challenges-driving-growth-mindfulness/. Shah, N., Irani, Z., Sharif, A. M. (2017). Big data in an HR context: Exploring organizational change readiness, employee attitudes and behaviors.Journal of Business Research,70, 366-378. Stanley, T., Matthews, J., Davidson, P. (2017, January). Dimensions of Employee Engagement in a Global Organisation. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2017, No. 1, p. 13248). Academy of Management. Tagove. (2017). Top 5 customer service challenges and how to handle them. Viewed on 6th November 2017. https://www.tagove.com/customer-service-challenges/. Tsang, E. W., Tsang, E. W. (2017). How the concept of organizational unlearning contributes to studies of learning organizations: a personal reflection.The Learning Organization,24(1), 39-48. Walumbwa, F. O., Hartnell, C. A., Misati, E. (2017). Does ethical leadership enhance group learning behavior? Examining the mediating influence of group ethical conduct, justice climate, and peer justice.Journal of Business Research,72, 14-23.

William Shakespeare an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

William Shakespeare by Expert Prof.Ashley | 23 Dec 2016 Introduction Widely regarded as the greatest writer of all time, William Shakespeare occupies a position unique in world literature. Other poets such as Homer and Dante, and novelists, such as Leo Tolstoy and Charles Dickens, have transcended national barriers; but no writers living reputation can seriously compare with that of Shakespeare, also known as The Bard of Avon. His plays, written in the late 16th and early 17th centuries fro a small repertory theater, are now performed and read more often and in more countries than ever before (L H Craig. Of Philosophers and Kings: Political Philosophy in Shakespeares Macbeth and King Lear"). Need essay sample on "William Shakespeare" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Usually Tell EssayLab specialists:I'm not in the mood to write my essay. Because I want to spend time with my friendsEssay writers recommend: We Write All Kinds Of PapersHelp To Write An Essay Online Professional Writer For Hire Pay To Get Essays Written Buy Essay The prophecy of his great contemporary, the poet and dramatist Ben Jonson that Shakespeare is not only the greatest of his age but of all time has been marvelously fulfilled. It may be audacious even to attempt a definition of his greatness, but it is not so difficult to describe the variety of gifts that enable him to create imaginative visions of pathos and mirth that, whether read in the book or witness in the theatre, fill the mind and linger there, He is a writer of great intellectual rapidity, perceptiveness, and poetic power. Other writers have had these qualities. But with Shakespeare the keenness of mind was applied not with obscure remote subjects but to human beings and their complete range of emotions and conflicts. Other writers have applied their keenness of mind in this way. But Shakespeare is astonishingly clever with words and images, so that his mental energy, when applied to intelligible human situations, finds full and memorable expression, convincing and imaginatively stimulating. As if this were not enough, the art form into which his creative energies went was not remote and bookish but involved the vivid stage impersonation of human beings, commanding sympathy and inviting vicarious participation. Thus many of Shakespeares great merits can survive translation into other languages and into cultures remote from that of Elizabethan England (Shakespeare, William). Shakespeare the Man The date of Shakespeares birth is not known. The earliest biographical record is an entry of his baptism in Holy Trinity Church, Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, on April 26, 1564. His father, John Shakespeare, first appears in the town records in 1552, when he was fined for not removing a dunghill from before his door in Henley Street. He became prominent in town affairs. He was elected a chamberlain of the Stratford corporation in 1561, alderman in 1565, and high bailiff (mayor) in 1568. He signed documents with a mark, but this is no longer supposed to prove that he was illiterate. From 1577 to his death in 1601, there are many signs in the records of financial troubles. He is excused from a levy for the poor, he sells his wifes inheritance, and he does not attend meetings of the corporation, so that another is appointed alderman in his place. Finally, in 1592 he is included in a list of nine who do not obey the law by going to church once a month, a note in the record signifying that this is for fear of process for debt. In 1596, however, he is described by the herald who made a rough draft of a coat of arms for him as a man of wealth and character. The poets mother was Mary, daughter of Robert Arden of Wilmcote, a wealthy landowner and relative of the aristocratic Ardens of Park Hall. Eight children were born to her, of whom William was the third child and oldest son. She died in Stratford in 1608 (S. Schoenbaum. Shakespeares Lives). Early Years No records exist of Shakespeare in his early years, but something is known about the Stratford Grammar School, which he presumably attended. The curriculum of such a school would have been adequate to provide the poet with the basis for such classical learning as he had, although less than what some modern commentators would suggest. The two principal legends about his life in the country are that he was apprenticed to a butcher, for whom he was described as working in high style ---- make an elaborate speech when upon killing a calf. Authenticity of such a story though, cannot now be traced back farther than the late 17th century about 100 years after the events are supposed to have happened. Marriage The first record of William Shakespeare after his christening is a license for marriage, Nov. 27, 1581, in the Episcopal register of the diocese of Worcester. The brides name is given as Anne Whateley of Temple Crafton. The next day a bond of 40 was entered to secure the marriage, without trouble, of Shakespeare and Anne Hathway or Hathaway, of Stratford. The sum was posted by two yeoman friends of the brides father, Richard Hathway of Shottery, parish of Old Stratford, whose will had been proved in the preceding July. Anne Whateley and Anne Hathway is probably the same person, and since the latter is traceable, the Whateley entry is probably a clerks mistake. The special license to which these records refer provided for a marriage after only one asking of the banns. The usual three banns would have carried the wedding into a prohibited period on the church calendar and delayed it for about two months. This delay would have been undesirable because Anne was already pregnant. The baptismal register at Stratford records the christening on May 26, 1583, of Susanna, daughter of William Shakespeare. On Feb. 2, 1585, the same register records the christening of twins, Hamnet (a variant of Hamlet) and Judith, apparently named for a Stratford baker, Hamnet Sadler, a beneficiary and witness of the poets will, and his wife Judith. She lived until 1623, and the inscription on her grave records the fact that she was then 67 years old, which would make her about eight years older than her husband. The Missing Years Nothing is known of Shakespeares life between the christening of the twins and the first record of his appearance in the theatre in London as actor and playwright. Seven or eight years, from about 1584 to 1592, are blank so far as the records go. The actor William Beeston, whose father was a member of Shakespeares company, many years later told John Aubrey, the antiquarian, that Shakespeare had been a schoolmaster in the country. Because of the academic flavor of such early plays as The Comedy of Errors and Loves Labours Lost, this tradition has found favor with modern biographers. There is no record of Anne Shakespeare in London during her husbands stay there, nor is there anything in Stratford until 1597, when Shakespeare, an established man of the theatre, bought New Place. Private Life Shakespeare had little contact with officialdom, apart from walking --- dressed in the royal livery as a member of the Kings Men --- at the coronation of King James I in 1604. He continued to look after his financial interest. He bought properties in London and in Stratford. In 1605 he purchased a share (about one-fifth) of the Stratford tithes --- a fact that explains why he was eventually buried in the chancel of its parish church. For some time he lodged with a French Huguenot family called Mountjoy, who lived near St. Olaves Church, Cripplegate, London. The records of a lawsuit in May 1612, due to a Mountjoy family quarrel, show Shakespeare as giving evidence in a genial way, though unable to remember certain important facts that would have decided the case) and as interesting himself generally in the familys affairs. No letters written by Shakespeare have survived. But a private letter to him got caught up with some official transactions of the town of Stratford by a Richard Quiney, who requested Shakespeare a 30 loan --- a large sum in Elizabethan money. Nothing is further known of the transaction, except that 18 years later, Quineys son Thomas became Judiths husband. He died on April 23, 1616. No name was inscribed on his gravestone in the chancel of the parish church of Stratford-on Avon. Instead these lines, possibly his own, appeared: Good friend, for Jesus sake forbear To dig the dust enclosed here. Blest be the man that spares these stones, And curst be he that moves my bones. (Shakespeare) Poems Shakespeare wrote poems such as Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece which had erotic themes. A third narrative poem, A Lovers Complaint is now credited to Shakespeare although this did receive some doubt as to its authorship. Critics complaint that the dark and gloomy effect had put a stain to what could have been the poems superior qualities (M. Jackson. A Lovers Complaint Revisited). Another poem, The Phoenix and the Turtle was printed in 1601. References: Craig, L H. Of Philosophers and Kings: Political Philosophy in Shakespeares Macbeth and King Lear". 2003 Shakespeare, William. Encyclopedia Britannica. Vol. 16. 1975 Schoenbaum, S. Shakespeares Lives. 1970 Shakespeare. The Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 24. 1978 Jackson, M. A Lovers Complaint Revisited. In Shakespeare Studies. Susan Zimmermann (ed.). Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Press, 267-297. ISBN 0832641202