Thursday, October 31, 2019

The Long Arm Statute Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Long Arm Statute - Essay Example Jurisdiction over a defendant who is out-of-state is often known as extraterritorial personal jurisdiction or personam jurisdiction which permits a court to exert jurisdiction upon an individual. It is always an important requirement for a given court to listen to the merits of claims alleged. Going by the history, a given state had the capability of exercising its jurisdiction within its territorial limits. For that reason, a defendant who is nonresident was brought to court when the delivery of writ or summons (service of process) was settled while the defendant in question was within the state boundaries (Parness 486). In Adamson’s case, he lives in Idaho with his children who happened to have made an order of Makers Mark from Kentucky. Can Adamson serve the company with a â€Å"long arm service of process† and bring the case back to Idaho for court action? Adamson can serve the company with the long arm service of process so that the case can be taken back to Idaho. However, Kentucky would be ideal for handling the cases despite the fact that Adamson’s family hailed from Idaho, and had minimal contact with the forum state. In this case, Makers Mark was searched through the Internet and for that reason; there was ‘certain minimum contacts’ during the process.... However, Idaho is ideal for the hearing of the case as the defendants hail from the state and would be better placed to access the courts as opposed to going all the way to Kentucky. The best state for forum and review of the case would be Kentucky though with minimum contact, is the place to follow up the case as the transaction was done within the state. The fact that there was certain minimum contact was enough a reason to adopt the in Kentucky (Adams). Which state law from the two states should the Judge use? The judge will use the Kentucky state law which states that: A court may exert personal jurisdiction upon a person acting directly or through an agent as to claims emanating from the person’s conducting any business in this Commonwealth. The â€Å"person† in this case refers to an individual, administrator, his executor, any personal representative, partnership, association, corporation, or any other commercial or legal entity, who happens to be a non resident of the state (Parness 487). In this case Adamson is not the person that committed the act, but his children who acted as his representatives. They made the transaction on his behalf and are liable for legal action within Kentucky state statutes and laws. Explain the written law and your reasons. Analyze the written law in relation to this case, explain current case law and reach a conclusion as a judge Because the person (Adamson’s representatives) made an Internet search, this means that there was, in deed, certain minimum contact with the state. Secondly, the person also made calls and enquires and would later manage to convince the company through calls and fax that they were of the right age to make the transaction. The defendant has breached the Kentucky statute by

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

ART WORLD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

ART WORLD - Essay Example Financial and cultural capital is important for a city in order to have an art market and the above mentioned cities have it in abundance. The United States of America has over 50% of sales when it comes to contemporary art market and this is an impressive figure considering the fact that there are other major players in the art market. There has been a recent influx of young buyers in the art market and this has brought about significant changes. It is good for the economy because a lot of money has been pumped by these young buyers into the art market. â€Å"The art world is structured as an interdependent network of social-economic actors who cooperate--often contentiously or unknowingly--to enact and perpetuate the art world, while at the same time negotiating kinds and levels of cooperation in a mutually understood careerist and competitive context.† (Art Economics) Dealers and galleries play a pivotal role in displaying the art works to prospective buyers, without these display art galleries it would be hard for buyers to see and get what they want. Auction houses also play a key role in displaying art work to prospective buyers. In addition to this there are art consultants and advisors who bridge the gap between sellers and potential buyers of art work. Art fairs are also being organized on a regular basis to attract more buyers interested in buying contemporary art work. The economy of the art world is being affected because more and more thieves are trying to get their hands on valuable works of arts so that they can sell it and make good money on these contemporary art works. It is a win win situation for the thieves because most valuable pieces of art weigh only a few pounds and they are sold for millions of dollars in the market. It is very easy to transport such expensive works of art because thieves usually steal art works that are easy to carry and transport hence, it is a very trivial job for them to get it transported. In the year 2011 artworks worth $1 billion were recovered from a home in Munich, Germany. These art works were believed to have stolen by the Nazis through the end of World War II. It has become a very lucrative business for thieves, there is no investment required and the returns are unbelievable this is precisely why more and more cases of burglary of these art works has been reported in the last few years. Stolen artwork fetches a lot of money and it is well over a billion dollar industry. This practice is illegal and also highly unethical, but people still involve themselves in this lucrative trade because there is easy money to be made. It promotes corruption in society, in addition to this famous paintings fetch a lot of money and this is precisely why many people eye these famous paintings and when an opportunity presents itself they steal it and sell it on to make a nice quick buck. There are two categories of people who steal these famous painting in an endeavor to make a quick buck. The fi rst is called the naif. A naif typically steals a painting but after sometime upon being unable to sell it, a naif realizes that the work of art has become extremely burdensome because of their inability to sell it and the same results in the work of art becoming worthless at least to the person who has stolen it. The second category represents sophisticated criminals who do not think like typical naifs. They understand and value the worth of stolen art work and come up with appropriate strategies to sell it and in the process make good money. The FBI each year reports that several high-profile paintings go missing and they also understand and realize that these high-profile paintings are being sold and the stolen artwork industry is thriving because of the same. â€Å"

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Analysis of Physician Views Towards End-of-Life Care

Analysis of Physician Views Towards End-of-Life Care Introduction: It has been estimated that more than 15 million people will suffer cancer worldwide by 2020(1). According to the report by Ministry of Health, over 30000 people die because of cancer annually and about 70000 new cases occur every year(2). Therefore cancer is the third most common cause of death in Iran following coronary heart disease and accidents (3, 4). There are considerable evidences that most of patients who encounter a life-threatening condition such as cancer are growing rapidly in Iran in the last few decades (1, 5, 6). Unfortunately, most of these patients are diagnosed in the late stages of disease, therefore they reach a stage that surgery, chemotherapy and other curative interventions are unable to improve their quality of life. They often suffer severe distress, in physical, psychological, spiritual, social and financial dimensions (7)Hence, the relief from such a suffering is considered as a basic and universal human right (8) and a basic action in achieving Universal Health Coverage(UHC) which has been introduced by World Health Organization in recent years (9). Universal health coverage is defined as access to key promotive, preventive, curative , rehabilitative, and palliative care for all at an affordable cost(8). Palliative or hospice care is an interdisciplinary, comprehensive, patient-centered approach in response to these needs. In other word hospice is a model for end-of-life care based on a team approach to control symptoms, manage pain, and provide emotional and spiritual support for terminally ill patients and their families (10). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), palliative care is ‘an approach to improve the quality of life of for threatening illness situations (11). The hospice care is not to cure disease but alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life at the end of life are the main objectives. Furthermore the mission of hospice care is to enable the end of life patients to die at home, with their beloved people around them (12). Despite the fact that cancer is a leading cause of mortality with rapidly growing rate and late stage diagnoses in Iran, very little is known about the physicians’ beliefs, attitudes and experiences about of end-of-life care. This study surveyed Iranian physicians’ attitudes and practices on end-of-life care for the first time. Materials Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among all doctors who participated in the biggest regional annually conducted educational seminar in the Tabriz city and end of year medical students in September 2012. This Physicians came from East-Azerbaijan and some provinces in north-east of Iran. Generally seminar is conducted annually and consists of clinician-specialists in different specialty groups. The seminar presented the opportunity to obtain current information on End of life care training, knowledge and attitudes, demographic and organizational characteristics, and personal experience with end of life patients. The population consisted of 560 medical students, general physicians, specialist and sub-specialists. The sample size was determined based on the WHO recommendation on 400 sample and results of a pilot study consisting of 30 physicians which resulted in an Odds Ratio of 1.8. Considering 95% confidence and 95% power, two tailed test, and utilizing G-Power software, 161 cases were computed and regarding a dropout rate of 45% the total sample size increased to at least 234 cases. Data were collected using a voluntary self-administered, anonymous questionnaire that originally developed by John Mastrojohn and Agnes Csikos in 2010 (13) and we confirmed and retained its validity and reliability after translation to Farsi in this survey. A translation – back translation process was used to translate the measure; two English language specialists and two native English speaking persons respectively involved in the translation and back translation processes. In addition to apply the translated questionnaire in the study population on 15 persons, a linguistic edit of the measure was done. The content validity of the questionnaire was evaluated based on opinions of an expert panel consisted of eight specialists in the fields of Health service research. After conducting some modifications and corrections the content validity was approved. In addition, we assessed the reliability of questionnaire totally using Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient. The Cronbach†™s Alpha values were calculated for all 22 items (0.92.) and showed reasonable reliability (internal consistency). Questionnaires were distributed prior to the sessions and internship workshops. A total of 38.3% (215 of 560) of participants completed the survey. Participation was voluntary and no incentives were offered. Completion of the anonymous questionnaire was taken as consent to participate in the study. Questionnaire includes a letter explaining its general purpose and providing assurances of the confidentiality of individual answers. Questionnaire contains 22 questions about care of terminally ill patients, 2 questions about personal (age and sex) and 5 questions in relation to organizational characteristics. All returned questionnaires were checked manually for completeness before they were forwarded to electronic data computer. Frequencies and percentages were calculated to compare results and Cross-tabulations using Kendall’s tau-b to test for significance were conducted to compare within-sample bivariate associations between demographic and practice variables with belief and attitudinal variables. Most of these tests were not statistically significant, with the exception of those reported here. All study data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.Only quantitative results are discussed in this article. Ethical consideration for this study and the study protocol were approved by the Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), which was in compliance with Helsinki Declaration. Results: In this study, 215 questionnaires were completed from 560 (overall response rate of 38.3%). Of all participants, 60% were males. In terms of their graduated universities, (76.2%) of the respondents were graduated students of Tabriz medical university. Every physician had visited 24.63 (16.57) patients every day and the average length of service was 5.23 (4.53) years. The physicians identified their degrees as 60.7% generalist and 39.3% specialist. Socio-demographic and organizational characteristics of participations are shown in table 1. According to the table 1 more than eighty percent of physicians have had at last 1-3 EOL patients. It is considerable that 72% of mentioned patients received medical care in the hospital, 23% at home and 4.7% in other settings. Further investigation did not show any statically significant differences between gender groups, specialty or generalists in the number of their daily visiting patients, however differences about their terminal illness patients were statically meaningful (p Physicians’ believes about the most appropriate type of care for end of life patients illustrated in Table2 The responses of physicians about opinion on current cares for end of life patients in our country were as following: 1.9 percent indicated the best, 15.8 percent sufficient with deficiencies, 59.5 percent insufficient, and finally 22.8 percent there is not any care. In other words nearly all of the physicians evaluated these services as insufficient. Furthermore their response to :In your opinion, the best setting for care of terminally ill patients is usually approximately were:20 percent hospital, 62 percent the patients home, 18 percent a nursing home, that obviously is in contrast with their practices that indicate more than 72.4 percent of end of life patients were cared in hospital. Furthermore the differences among two groups of physicians about Best Setting for care of terminally ill patients were statically significant (p Physicians beliefs about the ability of end of life patients to maintain dignity until death showed in the Table 3: Further investigation about mentioned differences in last table didn’t show any significant relationship among specialty, age, gender, work place and graduating groups of physicians. Nearly one percent of physicians stated that they were quite knowledgeable about hospice care and 57.1 percent did not posses any familiarity with this type of care. In other way, 97.2 percent of physicians indicated that they would not participate in educational course about hospice care. Hence 82.2 percent of them were interested in participating in educational course on hospice care. Table 4 shows familiarity of physicians with hospice care and their interest in participating in educational course. Table 4: physicians’ familiarity, behavioral with hospice care and educational course Investigation on significant relationship between physicians’ knowledge about hospice and demographic characteristics were meaningful only in Age groups, where differences in physicians on searching workshop in different groups were significant only in work place (p=0.025). DISCUSSION: There are numbers of important implications of this study. First, the study demonstrates that familiarity of Iranian physicians with end of life cares was low in spite of frequent contact with those patients. Second, there isnt any kind of structured or organized system to deliver services for end of life patients. Third, there isnt any developed educational plan neither in medical school curriculums nor continuity medical education programs. In this study the participation rate was 38.3% which was lower than that of similar studies in Hungary (54%) , United States (48%) and Pakistan (63.6%)(13, 14). This differences could be attributed to methods of sampling and low level of Iranian physicians’ knowledge about end of life cares . Most of the Iranian physicians (72%) in the current study claim that they didnt have any knowledge about hospice care, which is similar to Pakistani doctors (57.1%) who stated that they had heard about a hospice (14). In contrast to the most of U.S. physicians who were quite knowledgeable most of the Hungarian physicians had only a basic knowledge (13). However there is a high level of interest in the physicians of U.S., Hungary, Iran (82%), and Pakistan to participate in continuing medical education to learn more about hospice care. These findings are consistent with previous studies that indicate physicians’ common interest in continuing medical education for end-of-life care(7, 13-17). In this study 72% of EOL patients received medical care in the hospital and 23% at home, whereas other studies are focusing to physicians’ awareness of patients’ preferred place for dyeing(18, 19). However 27% of Iranian physicians mentioned that the preferred place of providing terminal care is hospital, the reasons for this obvious conflict are related to lack of delivering any end of life care in health system in hospital or home. Furthermore 82% of physicians demonstrated that level of present end of life care in Iran is insufficient and 22% believed that there is not any structured service for end of life patients. This finding is in accordance with other study results and reports, thereforeIran was categorized in second group on Palliative Care Development in the world (20). Iranian physicians believed that combination of curative and palliative care is most appropriate approach for terminally ill patients (61.7%) which matches with U.S. physicians and contrasts with most of Hungarian physicians that supported a palliative care only approach for terminally ill patients (13). This may be attributed to the current practice of aggressive curative treatment until the last day s of life in Iran and Hungary. Iranian Physicians’ beliefs about the ability of End of life patient to maintain personal dignity were differed from those of other countries(13, 19) especially for this opinion Most or all end of life patients are not able to maintain personal dignity it was 18% in our study but in the mentioned countries it was 9% and 5 %. These differences could be attributed to difference of social contexts and family structures in these three countries. Most of the Iranian physicians in the current study claim that they would not participate in educational course about hospice care neither would they do in collage curriculums nor in continuity medical education programs. These results are in contrast to most of the U.S. and Hungarian physicians (13) but are in accordance with previous studies on Iranian nurses (8). Intense interest of Iranian physicians to participate in continuing medical education for end-of-life care is clear evidence for this finding. Conclusions: A growing trend of chronic, non-communicable diseases especially cancers in Iran, has led to new condition of needs for providing care to EOL patients. Furthermore our findings clearly indicate unacceptable level of knowledge and attitudes of physicians about delivering services for EOL patients. Physicians of our study were interested in participating in continuing education programs about EOL patient. In response to these realities, designing the specific care for EOL patients, is inevitable and should be starting as soon as possible. Furthermore the education of physicians about EOL care should be included in the formal curriculums of medical schools and continuous medical education programs.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Inner Smile - Deconstructing the Heterosexual Matrix :: Research Papers Essays

Inner Smile - Deconstructing the Heterosexual Matrix An issue that is gaining in political and social importance is the issue of homosexuality. Reports of homosexuality and societal responses to homosexuality are brought up again and again in media coverage. These past few decades have seen a large increase in awareness of issues concerning homosexuality. Gender is intricately linked to homosexuality and numerous theorists have explored gender and sexuality under the umbrella term of Gay and Lesbian studies or Queer theory. In the music video of their song Inner Smile, the pop group Texas have seemingly adopted a radical image change when the groups front-person, Sharleen Spiteri, appears in drag as Elvis. The director of this video, Vaughan Arnell, utilizes Brechtian techniques of alienation to bring issues of gender to the forefront of a viewer's consciousness. The portrayal of a female singer in the persona of the legendary male sexual icon of Elvis, invokes an awareness of gender and sexuality issues through the subsequent alienati on effect on the viewers, as the video, through editing and cinematography, makes it clear that Spiteri is actually a female in drag. The video by Arnell features Spiteri on stage performing the song Inner Smile, she adopts the entire Elvis persona, from the dressing to the actions and movements that she does on stage. In this video, Arnell recreates the Comeback Special that Elvis himself performed in 1968 ("Elvis"). The significance of this lies in the fact that despite the blatant idolization of Elvis, there are signs indicating that the pop group Texas are still performing this video. The vocals are themselves of a female voice, that of Spiteri's, and numerous other signs are present, such as the huge backdrop of a lighted sign with the word Texas and a few shots of the feminine Spiteri interspersed within the stage performance. This evidence of the group's identity as Texas serves as a reminder that the impersonation is not complete. This is not merely a duplication of Elvis' performance. Spiteri does not completely become Elvis, she merely adopts his persona in order to bring to the fore issues of gender. This is reminiscent of Brechtian concept of alienation. The concept of alienation was conceived by Bertolt Brecht, a politically active playwright who popularized epic theatre in the 1930s. Brecht's Epic theatre is one that aims to increase social awareness, and has Verfremdungseffekt, or alienation effect as its cornerstone. Inner Smile - Deconstructing the Heterosexual Matrix :: Research Papers Essays Inner Smile - Deconstructing the Heterosexual Matrix An issue that is gaining in political and social importance is the issue of homosexuality. Reports of homosexuality and societal responses to homosexuality are brought up again and again in media coverage. These past few decades have seen a large increase in awareness of issues concerning homosexuality. Gender is intricately linked to homosexuality and numerous theorists have explored gender and sexuality under the umbrella term of Gay and Lesbian studies or Queer theory. In the music video of their song Inner Smile, the pop group Texas have seemingly adopted a radical image change when the groups front-person, Sharleen Spiteri, appears in drag as Elvis. The director of this video, Vaughan Arnell, utilizes Brechtian techniques of alienation to bring issues of gender to the forefront of a viewer's consciousness. The portrayal of a female singer in the persona of the legendary male sexual icon of Elvis, invokes an awareness of gender and sexuality issues through the subsequent alienati on effect on the viewers, as the video, through editing and cinematography, makes it clear that Spiteri is actually a female in drag. The video by Arnell features Spiteri on stage performing the song Inner Smile, she adopts the entire Elvis persona, from the dressing to the actions and movements that she does on stage. In this video, Arnell recreates the Comeback Special that Elvis himself performed in 1968 ("Elvis"). The significance of this lies in the fact that despite the blatant idolization of Elvis, there are signs indicating that the pop group Texas are still performing this video. The vocals are themselves of a female voice, that of Spiteri's, and numerous other signs are present, such as the huge backdrop of a lighted sign with the word Texas and a few shots of the feminine Spiteri interspersed within the stage performance. This evidence of the group's identity as Texas serves as a reminder that the impersonation is not complete. This is not merely a duplication of Elvis' performance. Spiteri does not completely become Elvis, she merely adopts his persona in order to bring to the fore issues of gender. This is reminiscent of Brechtian concept of alienation. The concept of alienation was conceived by Bertolt Brecht, a politically active playwright who popularized epic theatre in the 1930s. Brecht's Epic theatre is one that aims to increase social awareness, and has Verfremdungseffekt, or alienation effect as its cornerstone.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Chameleon Essay

â€Å"Love has no culture, boundaries, race and religion. It is pure and beautiful like early morning sunrise falling in lake.† is a quote by Santosh Kalwar, who writes books about truth, love and relationships. What he expresses is that it doesn’t matter what skin color you have, as long it is real love. In the novel â€Å"Chameleon† by Ranbir Sahota we hear about a girl named Rita. Rita has problems balancing between who she wants to be, and who she is expected to be because of her race. She is desperately trying hard to be fully integrated but is finding it difficult because her family is so old fashioned. When it comes to love she doesn’t know if she should make her parents happy or follow her own heart. A first person narrator named Rita, where we have access to only her thoughts, tells the short story. Rita is the main protagonist in the novel and a daughter of an Indian Sikh. Opposite to her family, being integrated means a lot to her, and in her everyday life in England, she is trying to fit in. Her father only moved to England because some of his friends did. Therefore they don’t want to integrate simply because they don’t have the love and passion for the country. She on the other hand has graduated from Sheffield University and went to teach English in Germany. Eating white food, listing to white music and bleaching her own skin is just part of her daily life for trying to be part of the English society. The title is â€Å"Chameleon† and describes Rita and how she can blend in, even though she is dark. According to her, the Indian culture doesn’t allow women to have a voice. Her mother and father has set up an arranged marriage for her, where the men can have expectations for her, but she cant expect anything from them. Rita doesn’t have an interest towards Indian men because she sees them as brothers and boring. Therefore she is dating a white man named Mark behind her parent’s back. Even though it is against the Indian culture values and rules. Marks mom says that she doesn’t want to speak to Mark, if he is dating a girl, who isn’t Catholic. But Rita knows that his mother has a problem with her skin color: â€Å" I was fine as the token dark  friend but it was a different matter when it came to marriage† (page 99, lines 3-4). For Marks mother their relationship is fine on a friendly base but not as a love interest. His mother doesn ’t want to be seen as a racists so she is covering up her real problem by saying it is because she isn’t Catholic. In that way Marks mother is actually just like a chameleon as well as Rita. Because of their families the main problem for the couple becomes the diverse between culture and religion. They can’t be together because their cultural backgrounds’ doesn’t allow them to. Mark and Rita then rents a little house together to get some private space. To them it is their escape from the judging and controlling world into a wonderful world where all people are the same. At some point Rita is meeting with Sunjay, who is set to be her future husband according to her mom. They are laughing together and are having a good chemistry. They are talking together like equals, which you wouldn’t expect because of Rita’s description about the Indian culture where women doesn’t have a voice. They also have the same positive attitude when it comes to love between different races. Sunday’s mother and father think that he has too many white friends. Both Rita and Sunjay have integrated themselves very well and are struggling with their families putting pressure on them. Although she doesn’t wants to let her parents down she does small things to annoy them. She swears a lot and is provocative towards them in her comments some times, which is not ladylike in the Indian culture. Also on page 106 lines 7-14 where we are in her thoughts and she is imagining what would happen if she told her parents about Mark and her. She says that it is comical and it would turn into a bloodbath, which is an absurd thought to have about such an important and serious theme. Over the last six weeks Rita had seen three other men but none of them where like Mark. She then spent the night with Mark at their house. Her mother and father show up unexpectedly and she starts to panic and puts Mark in the closet. â€Å"I surprised myself – I didn’t care too much about his pain. I just heard the knocking getting louder and more urgent† (page 104, line 30-31). What worries Rita the most is upsetting her parents and she knows that they doesn’t like for her to be white. Therefor she quickly hides Mark because it  is her â€Å"white side† and she doesn’t wants to be a disappointment to her parents. She lets them in and they start to tell her about Mrs. Methi’s daughter, who has run away with a white man. But in reality they are using that story instead of telling her directly that they know about her and Mark. At one point her father goes into the kitchen to talk to her because he has always been the one to get the truth out of her. One thing he is telling her is: â€Å"Girls like that are left with fatherless children without an identity† (page 108, lines 7-8). He says this to scare her and tries indirectly to affect her not to stay with Mark. Rita doesn’t get these hints until they leave and says that she would like to introduce them to Mark. The story ends with a cliffhanger but you are still let with a feeling of what is going to happen. She will tell her parents that she is with Mark and that they have to respect that. By the look of what they have been telling Rita in the house they are not going to be taken it lightly. Because they are so traditional she is now a shame to the family. But you can tell that Rita is a strong woman, so she is going to go against her parent’s judgment and stay with Mark.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Cheering and People

If people would ask a cheerleader if they think cheer is a spot, they will say yes. If they would ask anyone else, they would say it is not a sport. Cheerleading is a sport because they work Just as hard as anyone else who is in a sport. A cheerleader conditions, they have to be strong, and are competitive. In cheer, they do conditioning to get in shape, Just like every other sport. The coach will make them do all kinds of things, like run a certain amount of laps, and then do Jumping Jacks, lunges, or other things. Cheerleaders condition at every practice.They have to condition so they can do their routine over and over again during their practice. They also have to condition so they can lift people in the air and keep them there for a while. Another reason why they have to condition is so they can stay tight while doing all there cheers and dances. If they are loose at a competition they will get points taken off. Conditioning is a big part in cheer. Cheerleaders, especially guys, have to be strong. Guys have to be strong enough to hrow a girl up to about their shoulders and the hold them in their hands for a few minutes.Then they have to be able to extend them, so they are in their hands and over their heads. Football players may have to be strong, but they do not have to lift girls up everyday. Everyone from the people being lifted up to the people lifting them up have to be strong. The people in the air must be strong, so they can stay tight and not move to much while they are in the air. If they are doing a one legged stunt, and they are not tight, they will fall and may get hurt. The people lifting the them up must also be strong, so they can lift them up.They also cannot move because the person in the air might lose their balance and could fall. All cheerleaders must also be strong and fit enough to do their routine two hours or more a day, five days a week. Cheerleaders must be about as strong as a football player. Competitions are not Just for footbal l, basketball, baseball, and soccer, they are also for cheerleaders. They work on a their routine for months before they have to go to a competition. They have to make sure that it is perfect before they go to competition.They have to make sure their dances are tight and everyone is on time for everything. They also have to make sure they have their cheers memorized and their stunts go up. If they cant do something then they have to chance their routine to make sure everything will work. At the competition they must do their routine in front of a crowd and Judges. Then they are Judged on how well they did their routine. The Judges look at how well there stunts went, there dances, cheers, Jumps and umbling, but they mostly watch if there timing is right on everything.The team with the most points then wins the competition. Cheerleaders will usually do many competitions a year. Some will do four or five, but some may only do one. Cheerleading is not Just about cheering on your schools teams, like most people think it is. It is mostly about the competitions. Cheerleaders work Just as hard as every other sport, if not harder. Cheerleading should be considered a sport and not just an extra activity like everyone thinks it is. Cheering and People By qwsxecdvfgb